Endocrine Hypertension
Endocrine hypertension is high blood pressure caused by hormonal disorders. It accounts for a significant proportion of cases of secondary hypertension — high blood pressure with an identifiable, potentially curable cause. Identifying and treating the underlying endocrine disorder can lead to substantial improvement or even cure of the hypertension.
Common Endocrine Causes of Hypertension
- Primary Hyperaldosteronism (Conn's Syndrome) – Excess aldosterone is the most common endocrine cause of hypertension
- Phaeochromocytoma / Paraganglioma – Tumours producing excess adrenaline causing episodic or persistent hypertension
- Cushing's Syndrome – Excess cortisol raises blood pressure
- Hyperthyroidism & Hypothyroidism – Both thyroid extremes can affect blood pressure
- Acromegaly – Excess growth hormone contributes to hypertension
- Renal Artery Stenosis (Renovascular Hypertension) – Can activate the renin-angiotensin system
When to Suspect Endocrine Hypertension
- Hypertension developing at a young age
- Resistant hypertension (not controlled with three or more medications)
- Episodic hypertension with palpitations, sweating, or headaches
- Hypertension with low potassium levels
- Symptoms of other hormonal conditions (weight gain, stretch marks, fatigue)
Diagnosis
- Aldosterone-to-renin ratio (for primary hyperaldosteronism)
- Plasma and urine metanephrines (for phaeochromocytoma)
- 24-hour urinary cortisol or dexamethasone suppression test
- Thyroid function tests
- IGF-1 levels
- CT or MRI scan of the adrenal glands or pituitary
- Adrenal vein sampling (in select cases)
Treatment
Treating the Underlying Hormonal Disorder
Surgical or medical treatment of the root cause often results in dramatic blood pressure improvement.
Targeted Medications
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists for hyperaldosteronism; alpha and beta-blockers for phaeochromocytoma; anti-thyroid drugs as appropriate.
Antihypertensive Therapy
Blood pressure medications are used to manage hypertension while the underlying condition is being treated or assessed.
Why Choose Dr. Harsh Parekh?
Dr. Harsh Parekh has specialised expertise in identifying hormonal causes of high blood pressure that are often missed. His thorough investigation approach ensures patients with endocrine hypertension receive an accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment that addresses the root cause — not just the symptoms.