Pediatric Thyroid Disorders
Thyroid disorders in children and adolescents can significantly affect growth, development, school performance, and overall well-being. Early detection and appropriate treatment are critical to ensure healthy physical and cognitive development in young patients.
Common Pediatric Thyroid Conditions
- Congenital Hypothyroidism – Underactive thyroid present from birth; detected by newborn screening
- Hashimoto's Thyroiditis – Autoimmune condition causing hypothyroidism in children
- Graves' Disease – Autoimmune hyperthyroidism; more common in adolescent girls
- Thyroid Nodules in Children – Require careful evaluation as the risk of malignancy is relatively higher than in adults
- Thyroid Cancer in Children – Rare but generally has an excellent prognosis
Symptoms to Watch For
Symptoms vary depending on whether the thyroid is overactive or underactive:
- Slowed growth or short stature
- Delayed puberty or precocious puberty
- Poor school performance or learning difficulties
- Unexplained weight gain or loss
- Fatigue, sluggishness, or hyperactivity
- Neck swelling or lump
- Irregular heartbeat
- Constipation or frequent bowel movements
Diagnosis
- Newborn thyroid screening (TSH from heel-prick blood test)
- TSH, Free T4, Free T3 blood tests
- Thyroid antibody tests
- Thyroid ultrasound
- Bone age X-ray (to assess growth impact)
Treatment
Hypothyroidism
Levothyroxine replacement therapy, with doses adjusted as the child grows. Early treatment is essential to prevent developmental delays.
Hyperthyroidism (Graves' Disease)
Anti-thyroid medications, radioactive iodine (in older children), or surgery depending on age and severity.
Thyroid Nodules
Close monitoring with ultrasound and FNAC biopsy when indicated; surgical referral if needed.
Why Choose Dr. Harsh Parekh?
Dr. Harsh Parekh has experience managing thyroid disorders in children and adolescents. His compassionate approach, tailored to the unique needs of young patients and their families, ensures early diagnosis, optimal treatment, and careful monitoring throughout growth and development.