Gestational Diabetes (Pregnancy Diabetes)
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy in women who did not previously have diabetes. It occurs when the body cannot produce enough insulin to meet the increased demands of pregnancy, resulting in elevated blood sugar levels.
With proper monitoring and management, most women with gestational diabetes have healthy pregnancies and deliver healthy babies.
Symptoms
Gestational diabetes often has no obvious symptoms. It is usually detected during routine prenatal screening. Some women may experience:
- Increased thirst
- Frequent urination
- Fatigue
- Blurred vision
- Nausea
Risk Factors
- Overweight or obesity before pregnancy
- Family history of diabetes
- Previous history of gestational diabetes
- Age above 25 years
- PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome)
- High blood pressure
- Previous delivery of a large baby (over 4 kg)
Diagnosis
- Glucose Challenge Test (GCT) – typically at 24–28 weeks of pregnancy
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
- Fasting Blood Sugar
Treatment
Dietary Management
A balanced, carbohydrate-controlled diet to keep blood sugar levels within the target range.
Physical Activity
Safe, moderate exercise recommended throughout pregnancy to improve insulin sensitivity.
Blood Sugar Monitoring
Regular home monitoring to track blood glucose levels and adjust treatment as needed.
Insulin or Oral Medication
If blood sugar remains elevated despite lifestyle changes, insulin injections or oral medication may be required.
Risks if Untreated
- Large baby (macrosomia) increasing risk of delivery complications
- Premature birth
- Low blood sugar in the newborn
- Increased risk of Type 2 Diabetes for both mother and child later in life
- Preeclampsia (high blood pressure during pregnancy)
Why Choose Dr. Harsh Parekh?
Dr. Harsh Parekh provides specialised endocrinology care for gestational diabetes, working in close coordination with your obstetric team to ensure both mother and baby remain healthy throughout pregnancy and beyond.